Frozen Shoulder

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What is Frozen Shoulder?

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition that affects the shoulder joint, causing pain and stiffness. It occurs when the tissues around the shoulder joint become inflamed and then thicken, forming scar tissue. This scar tissue limits the range of motion in the shoulder joint, making it difficult to move the arm.

Symptoms and Signs:

The symptoms of frozen shoulder include pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint. The stiffness can make it difficult to perform simple activities like reaching for something, combing hair, or even sleeping comfortably. The pain is usually felt deep in the shoulder and can radiate down the arm.

Causes:

The exact cause of frozen shoulder is not known. However, there are certain factors that can increase the risk of developing this condition, such as diabetes, thyroid problems, and previous injuries or surgeries on the shoulder.

Diagnosis:

Diagnosis of frozen shoulder is typically based on a physical examination of the shoulder joint. The physiotherapist will assess the range of motion in the joint and may use imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRI scans, to rule out other conditions.

Treatment Options:

Treatment for frozen shoulder is usually focused on reducing pain and stiffness, and improving range of motion. There are several non-surgical and surgical treatment options available.

Non-Surgical Treatment:

• Physiotherapy: A physiotherapist will design an exercise program to help restore range of motion and strength to the shoulder joint. This may include stretching and strengthening exercises.
• Heat and Ice Therapy: Applying heat or ice to the affected area can help reduce pain and inflammation.
• Medications: Over-the-counter pain medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help reduce pain and inflammation.

Surgical Treatment:

If non-surgical treatment options do not provide relief, surgical intervention may be necessary. Some surgical options include:

• Manipulation Under Anesthesia: This is a procedure where the patient is put under anesthesia and the shoulder joint is manipulated to break up the scar tissue and improve range of motion.
• Shoulder Arthroscopy: This is a minimally invasive procedure where the surgeon makes small incisions in the shoulder and uses a small camera to guide the surgical instruments to remove scar tissue.

Exercises to Help:

A physiotherapist can recommend exercises to help improve range of motion and strength in the shoulder joint. Here are some examples of exercises that may be helpful:

• Pendulum Exercise: Stand with your unaffected arm resting on a table. Lean forward and swing the affected arm in a circular motion.
• Wall Climbing Exercise: Stand facing a wall and place your hands on the wall at shoulder height. Walk your fingers up the wall, as far as you can go, and then slowly walk them back down.
• Shoulder Blade Squeeze: Sit or stand with your arms by your sides. Squeeze your shoulder blades together, hold for a few seconds, and then release.

In conclusion, frozen shoulder is a condition that can cause pain and stiffness in the shoulder joint, making it difficult to perform simple activities. If you are experiencing these symptoms, a physiotherapist can provide a comprehensive evaluation, design an exercise program, and recommend appropriate treatments to help you regain your range of motion and reduce pain.

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